Sun eczema: symptoms, causes and tips to get rid of it 🔆

The sun is an important source of energy and well-being, and with warmer temperatures and brighter days, it provides a welcome break from everyday life and the opportunity to spend more time outdoors. However, the sun is not always just a source of well-being and can also affect the skin in less desirable ways. For some, exposure leads to irritation, itching or rashes - often in the form of sun eczema

What is sun eczema?
Sun eczema, also known as polymorphic photodamage, is a form of skin reaction triggered by the sun's UV rays. It is a hypersensitivity reaction in which the body's immune system reacts strongly to sunlight, leading to inflammation and irritation of the skin.

It can affect anyone, but is more common in people with sensitive skin or those who have not been in the sun for a long time. Therefore, it is common for symptoms to appear at the beginning of the season, for example during the first sunny days of spring when the skin has not been as exposed to UV radiation and is therefore more sensitive to the effects of the sun.

Sun eczema is not dangerous in itself, but it can be both uncomfortable and affect quality of life, especially when the rash itches, stings or worsens with continued sun exposure.

Common symptoms include:

• Red rashes or spots
• Itching
• Burning or stinging sensation
• Sometimes small fluid-filled blisters

Reactions may occur after a few hours and usually appear on the chest, arms, neck and legs but may also appear on the face.

Why do you get sun eczema?

Sun eczema occurs when the skin reacts strongly to the sun's UV rays. It is a form of immune overreaction where the skin interprets the sun's rays as a threat and responds with inflammation. The result can be a red rash, itching and small blisters, usually on areas that are not used to the sun such as the chest, shoulders or arms.

It is most common in people with the Fitzpatrick scale 1-3. This scale classifies skin based on how easily it burns and how much pigment the skin has. People with fair skin, light eyes and hair who burn easily are therefore more vulnerable.

Heredity can also play a role. If someone in your family has sun eczema, you are more likely to be affected. If you are unsure whether you have sun eczema, we always recommend that you consult a doctor for confirmation and advice on possible treatment.

What helps with sun eczema?

In case of skin reactions after sun exposure, the most important thing is to immediately protect the skin from further exposure. This means avoiding further exposure to the sun by going indoors or covering the skin with clothing. At the same time, it may be wise to start strengthening the skin from within with antioxidants already in early spring. Research and experience show that some antioxidants have a protective effect against the damage that UV radiation can cause.

Supplements containing beta-carotene, vitamins C and E, selenium and zinc can help the skin to better withstand the sun's rays. Beta-carotene is stored in the skin and can provide some protection, while vitamins C and E support skin defense and recovery. A combination of several antioxidants seems to be most effective, as they interact and reinforce each other's effects. This gives the skin the best possible conditions to withstand the stresses of the sun - both inside and out.

Cooling can be very helpful in relieving discomfort. Cold moist compresses reduce the itching and products such as aftersun or aloe vera gel have a cooling and soothing effect on the skin. For more severe reactions, antihistamines, or allergy medication, may also be an option - especially if you are also experiencing other allergic symptoms.

Prevent sun eczema - our top tips

• Sunbathe slowly. Let your skin get used to the sun gradually.
• Use a high SPF (SPF 30-50), apply liberally and repeat regularly.
• Boost skin with antioxidants.
• Protect with clothing especially during the first days in the sun.
• Avoid the sun in the middle of the day when UV radiation is strongest between 11-15.
• Stay in the shade and use a sun hat and parasol or tree.
• Consult a doctor if symptoms are persistent.

Sun eczema can affect quality of life during the summer, but with the right knowledge and preventive approach it is often possible to avoid or reduce the symptoms.
By gradually getting your skin used to the sun, using high sun protection and strengthening your skin from within with antioxidants, you give your body the best possible conditions to cope with the stresses of the sun. Remember to listen to your skin - if it reacts with itching, redness or rashes, it's time to seek shade and take care of yourself. With the right balance of sun exposure and protection, you can enjoy summer in a safe and sustainable way.